What does the battery energy storage system（bess) consist of？

​Taking the 1MW/1MWh battery energy storage system as an example, the system is generally composed of energy storage battery system, monitoring system, battery management unit, special fire protection system, special air conditioning system, power conversion system (PCS) and isolation transformer, and finally integrated in a container.
 
The battery system is mainly composed of battery cells in series and parallel: first, a dozen groups of battery cells are connected in series and parallel to form a battery pack, then the battery boxes are connected in series to form a battery string to increase the system voltage, and finally the batteries are connected in series and parallel to increase the system capacity, and are integrated in inside the battery container.
 
The monitoring system mainly enables the functions of external communication, network data monitoring and data acquisition, analysis and processing to be realized, ensuring accurate data monitoring, high voltage and current sampling accuracy, data synchronization rate and fast execution speed of remote control commands; the battery management unit has high precision The single-cell voltage detection and current detection functions ensure the voltage balance of the battery modules and avoid circulating currents between the battery modules, which will affect the system operation efficiency.
 
In order to ensure the safety of the system, the container is equipped with a special fire protection and air conditioning system. The fire protection system senses the fire through smoke sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, emergency lights and other safety equipment, and automatically extinguishes the fire; the special air conditioning system is based on the external ambient temperature. The cooling and heating system of the air conditioner is controlled through the thermal management strategy to ensure that the temperature in the container is in a suitable range and prolong the service life of the battery.
 
The Power Conversion System（PCS） is an energy conversion unit that converts battery direct current to three-phase AC and can operate in grid-connected and off-grid modes. In grid-connected mode, the converter interacts with the power grid according to the power instruction from the upper dispatching. In off-grid mode, energy storage converters can provide voltage and frequency support for plant loads, and provide black start power for some renewable energy sources. The outlet of the energy storage converter is connected with the isolation transformer, so that the electrical insulation of the primary side and the secondary side is completely isolated, to ensure the safety of the container system to the greatest extent.

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